The economy of Şırnak is mainly based on agriculture, animal husbandry and, to a limited extent, trade. Although the mountainous and hilly terrain of the region limits agricultural activities, agriculture is still considered an important source of livelihood in Şırnak. The main agricultural products include cereals such as wheat, barley and lentils. Vegetables are also grown when the climate is favorable. However, limited irrigation facilities and difficult terrain conditions can negatively affect agricultural production.
Animal husbandry plays a central role in the economy of Şırnak. Sheep and goat breeding in particular is widespread and constitutes the main source of income for many families. Wool, milk and meat production make significant contributions to the local economy. In addition, some small-scale enterprises in the region process these animal products to produce dairy products such as cheese, yogurt and various meat products.
Trade has gained importance especially due to Şırnak's location close to the border with Iraq. Border trade has been both an important source of income for local merchants and a lifeline for the city's economy. However, political and security problems can sometimes threaten the continuity of this trade. There are also small-scale industrial activities in Şırnak, mainly in the construction materials, food production and small-scale manufacturing sectors.
As for employment opportunities, job opportunities in Şırnak are generally limited to the sectors mentioned above. The unemployment rate is high, especially among young people, leading to economic hardship and a tendency for young people to migrate. Limited training and skills development opportunities make it difficult for the local population to access better job opportunities. Nevertheless, various training and employment projects offered by the government and various non-governmental organizations try to support the local population in acquiring new skills and finding a job.
In conclusion, Şırnak's economy and employment opportunities are heavily influenced by geographical and political factors. In order to fully utilize the economic potential of the region, steps to be taken in infrastructure development, increasing educational opportunities and more efficient use of local resources are of great importance.