Although Sivas is located in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey, it attracts attention with its large surface area and its population spread over this large area makes the demographic structure of the province quite different. According to the 2020 census, the population of Sivas is approximately 635 thousand people, but since this population is spread over a large geographical area, the population density is low. The city center and its surrounding districts are more densely populated areas, but most of the province consists of rural areas.
The demographic structure of Sivas shows a structure parallel to Turkey's averages in terms of age distribution. While the proportion of young population (0-24 years old) is close to the country average, the proportion of elderly population (over 65 years old) is slightly higher. This can be explained by the fact that the young population in rural areas migrates to big cities due to job opportunities and the elderly population stays in rural areas. This migration trend particularly affects the labor market and the distribution of social services.
In terms of education level, Sivas has an average education level compared to other cities in Turkey. While primary and secondary school enrollment rates are high, they are slightly lower at higher education level. However, the university located in the city has increased educational opportunities regionally and enabled the young population to reach higher levels of education.
In terms of ethnic composition, Sivas is home to a mostly Turkish population, but also Kurdish and other minority groups. Cultural diversity is more pronounced, especially in rural areas, which helps preserve local cultures and traditions. However, ethnic diversity can sometimes lead to social cohesion problems, which local authorities try to manage through various social policies.
In conclusion, the demographic structure of Sivas presents a rich mosaic in terms of its large geographical area, variable age distribution, education level and ethnic diversity. This creates both opportunities and challenges for social policy makers and for the city itself. Migration trends, educational opportunities and ethnic diversity are among the important factors in shaping the social and economic structure of Sivas.