Ardahan is known as one of the least economically developed provinces in Turkey, which is closely related to the geographical and climatic challenges of the region. The city's economy is largely based on agriculture, animal husbandry and to a lesser extent tourism. The limited industrial activities have caused the people of the region to turn to other sectors economically.
Agriculture and animal husbandry are the main pillars of Ardahan's economy. The region hosts limited agricultural activities, especially due to its high altitude lands; however, some basic agricultural products such as potatoes, wheat and barley are economically important. Livestock breeding is more widespread, with cattle and sheep breeding in particular being one of the main sources of livelihood for the people of the region. These activities create an important production capacity for both domestic consumption and foreign markets.
Tourism is another sector that is occupying more and more space in Ardahan economy. The natural beauties, winter sports and cultural heritage of the region attract local and foreign tourists, and this situation is increasing especially with the development of tourism infrastructure. Touristic destinations such as Çıldır Lake and Yalnızçam Ski Center make significant contributions to the regional economy during the tourism season.
However, industrial activities in Ardahan are quite limited. There are hardly any large industrial facilities in the region and this leads to high unemployment rates, especially among the young population. These economic limitations lead to migration of young people and labor force to bigger cities.
In terms of employment opportunities, Ardahan offers job opportunities especially in the public sector. Education, health and local administrations are among the biggest employers in the region. However, as private sector job opportunities remain limited, entrepreneurship and small-scale businesses are of great importance for the regional economy. Local people generally prefer to start their own businesses or work in family businesses.
In general, Ardahan's economy and employment opportunities are shaped by geographical conditions and the demographic composition of the population. A thriving tourism sector and agriculture-livestock activities add vitality to the regional economy, but limited industrial infrastructure and widespread unemployment are economic challenges.